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An ecologist spent a year studying the population dynamics of a species of duck on a lake.At the beginning of the year,there were 86 adults.Of these,16 adults left the lake,12 adults arrived on the lake from elsewhere,76 chicks hatched from eggs,24 chicks survived to become adults,and 8 adults died.How many individuals emigrated?


A) 8
B) 12
C) 16
D) 24

E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Which of the following is not an invasive species?


A) cheatgrass
B) purple loosestrife
C) ring-necked duck
D) Asian longhorned beetle

E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

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Population ________ is the number of individuals per unit area,or per unit volume.

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Counting the total number of individuals within a square or rectangle of known area,referred to as a(n)________,is a sampling method that is commonly used to study plants or other sessile animals.

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Because a direct count of all individuals within a population is often impossible,population density is usually estimated by one or more methods of ________.

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A group of individuals of the same species inhabiting a given area is called a(n)________.

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How might a species' range be extended?


A) through increased migration rates
B) through increased immigration rates
C) through climate change
D) through decreased reproductive rates

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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The area inhabited by all individuals of a particular species is known as the population's


A) geographic range.
B) density.
C) ecosystem.
D) habitat.

E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

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A group of local subpopulations is called a(n)


A) community.
B) species.
C) metapopulation.
D) ecogroup.

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Which of the following is an example of migration?


A) frogs leaving a pond after metamorphosis
B) hawks finding a new territory after maturing
C) seeds dispersing from a tree
D) humpback whales traveling up and down the coast of western United States

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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The distribution of species is rarely determined by minimum and maximum temperature tolerances.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following is an example of dendrochronology?


A) measuring seedling recruitment
B) counting juveniles in a population
C) measuring finger bone size over time
D) counting tree rings

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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The sex ratio of human senior citizens (>65 years) is


A) skewed toward females.
B) skewed toward males.
C) 1:1.
D) the same as birds'.

E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

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Which of the following represents a modular organism?


A) lizard
B) coral
C) dog
D) ant

E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

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Which of the following methods would work best to estimate flower species diversity?


A) mark-recapture
B) Lincoln Peterson index
C) quadrats
D) distribution mapping

E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

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A population's density is calculated as the


A) area over which the population is distributed.
B) number of individuals within the population.
C) unit of area divided by the number of individuals.
D) number of individuals per unit area.

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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The primary factors driving the dynamics of population abundance are the demographic processes of ________ and ________.

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Which of the following best represents a measure of ecological density?


A) number of frogs per meter of pond shoreline
B) number of birds per hectare
C) number of mammals per meter
D) number of fish per volume of ocean

E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

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The movement of individuals in space is called


A) distribution.
B) migration.
C) dispersal.
D) density.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Ecological density is a measure of the number of individuals per unit of available living space.

A) True
B) False

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