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Exam 5: Foundations of Employee Motivation

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Question 21

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______ refers to amount of effort that we invest in an activity.

A) Persistence
B) Direction
C) Volume
D) Intensity
E) Integration

F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

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Question 22

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Managers should motivate their subordinates by telling them to "do your best."

A) True
B) False

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Question 23

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The theory of motivation that focuses on two sharply contrasting sets of assumptions about human nature is:

Needs are psychological or physiological deficiencies that arouse behavior.

People who have a high need for affiliation tend to avoid conflict.

A low instrumentality means that:

Content theories of motivation revolve around the notion that an employee's needs influence motivation.

Carol is a recent high-school graduate with an excellent grade point average. After much thought, she has decided that she wants to pursue a graduate degree in physics after she finishes her undergraduate degree and eventually become a professor. To attain this goal, she realizes that she must first study hard and do well in her undergraduate classes, then take the graduate entrance exam and apply to the best graduate programs in her field. Along the way, she wants to obtain an internship, as this will help her get into a quality graduate program. Which motivational mechanism of the goal-setting process does this scenario demonstrate?

A manager can apply expectancy theory by setting goals and giving feedback.

Job crafting is driven by employees, not managers.

Direction pertains to the amount of effort being invested in an activity.

Describe McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y. How is this approach useful for managers?

Motivation refers to psychological processes that underlie the direction, intensity, and persistence of behavior or thought.

Participation by subordinates in determining how to achieve the goal is essential for the goal-setting process to work effectively.

Of the following, which is the most closely aligned with employees' perceptions of procedural justice?

Motivation comes from both person and environmental factors.

What are "i-deals"? Explain why this is an important new direction for management research.

The two general categories of motivation theories are intrinsic and extrinsic.

The goal of the job characteristics model is to:

The "acquired needs" identified by McClelland include the need for achievement, the need for affiliation, and the need for esteem.